Correction and Retraction

1. Policy Statement

J-EBI (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam), published by Institut Agama Islam Sufyan Tsauri Majenang (INSIMA), is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or ethical concerns may arise during manuscript processing or after publication. This policy establishes procedures for correcting published articles, retracting unreliable publications, and withdrawing manuscripts before publication.

All decisions concerning corrections, retractions, and withdrawals are made by the editorial team based on the nature of the issue, the available evidence, the stage of publication, and the potential impact on the integrity of the scholarly record.

2. Correction of Published Articles

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article but does not invalidate the overall reliability of the research or its principal conclusions.

Corrections may address, but are not limited to:

  • Errors in author names, affiliations, or other publication metadata.

  • Typographical, grammatical, or formatting errors that affect the clarity or accuracy of the article.

  • Errors in tables, figures, references, or other published information that can be corrected without undermining the study's overall validity.

  • Other factual or editorial errors that require formal clarification.

Authors should promptly notify the editorial team when they discover a significant error in their published work. Readers and other interested parties may also report suspected errors to the journal.

The editor will assess the reported issue and determine whether a formal correction is necessary. When a correction is approved, the journal will publish a correction notice describing the error and the corresponding amendment. The notice will identify the affected article and be linked to the original publication to maintain transparency and traceability.

If an error substantially undermines the validity or reliability of an article, the editor will consider whether an expression of concern or retraction is more appropriate.

3. Retraction of Published Articles

Retraction is a formal action taken to alert readers that a published article contains serious problems that compromise its reliability or ethical legitimacy. Retraction may be considered when there is credible evidence of:

  • Fabrication or falsification of research data or results.

  • Plagiarism or substantial unattributed duplication.

  • Redundant publication that materially misrepresents the originality of the work.

  • Serious errors that invalidate the findings or conclusions.

  • Major authorship or publication ethics violations that undermine the legitimacy of the publication.

  • Unethical research practices, including serious violations of participant consent, research approval, or data protection requirements.

  • Manipulation of the peer-review process or other serious forms of publication misconduct.

  • Other circumstances in which the article can no longer be regarded as a reliable contribution to the scholarly record.

A retraction does not necessarily imply that every author was involved in the misconduct. The journal will assess the available evidence and the circumstances of each case before making a decision.

Retraction Procedure

When a potential reason for retraction is identified, the editorial team will:

  1. Review the available evidence and assess the seriousness of the concern.

  2. Contact the corresponding author and, where appropriate, other relevant parties to request an explanation.

  3. Consult independent experts or relevant institutions when necessary.

  4. Make a decision based on the evidence, the reliability of the article, and the applicable publication ethics policies.

  5. Publish a retraction notice explaining the reason for the retraction and identifying the affected article.

The journal will make reasonable efforts to ensure that the retraction notice is clearly linked to the original article. The original publication record will be retained with an appropriate retraction designation rather than silently removed, except where legal requirements or exceptional circumstances necessitate a different approach.

4. Expression of Concern

An expression of concern may be published when credible questions arise about the reliability or ethical integrity of an article, but the available evidence is insufficient for an immediate decision on correction or retraction.

This action may be appropriate when an investigation is ongoing, relevant evidence is not yet available, or an institutional inquiry has not reached a conclusion.

The notice will identify the article and explain the nature of the concern to the extent that can responsibly be disclosed. Once additional evidence becomes available, the editorial team will reassess the matter and determine whether further action is necessary.

5. Withdrawal of Manuscripts Before Publication

Withdrawal refers to the removal of a manuscript from editorial consideration before it has been formally published. Withdrawal may be requested by the authors or initiated by the editorial team under appropriate circumstances.

5.1 Withdrawal Requested by Authors

Authors who wish to withdraw a manuscript must submit a written request to the editorial office explaining the reason for withdrawal. The request should normally be made by the corresponding author, with confirmation that all co-authors agree to the withdrawal.

The editorial team will review the request and confirm the manuscript's withdrawal through the journal's official communication channels. Authors must not submit the same manuscript to another journal while it remains under active consideration by J-EBI.

5.2 Withdrawal Initiated by the Journal

J-EBI may discontinue consideration of or withdraw a manuscript before publication when there is sufficient justification, including:

  • Confirmed plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, or other serious publication misconduct.

  • Submission of the same manuscript to multiple journals.

  • Failure to resolve substantial ethical concerns.

  • Material misrepresentation of authorship, data, or research procedures.

  • Other serious breaches of the journal's submission and publication policies.

Where appropriate, the journal will notify the corresponding author of the concern and provide an opportunity to respond before making a final decision.

5.3 Withdrawal After Acceptance but Before Publication

If authors request withdrawal after a manuscript has been accepted but before formal publication, the request must be submitted in writing and supported by the agreement of all co-authors. The journal will assess the circumstances and confirm the outcome.

Acceptance does not authorize authors to submit the manuscript elsewhere without first resolving its status with J-EBI. If serious ethical concerns emerge after acceptance, the journal may suspend publication while the matter is assessed.

5.4 Withdrawal of Published Articles

Once an article has been formally published, it will generally not be treated as a withdrawn manuscript. Concerns about a published article will be addressed through the correction, expression of concern, or retraction procedures described in this policy. Exceptional removal may be considered when required by law or when publication creates a serious legal or safety risk.

6. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy and integrity of their manuscripts throughout submission, review, and publication. They must promptly inform the editorial team of significant errors discovered after publication and cooperate with reasonable requests for clarification or investigation.

Authors requesting withdrawal must provide a legitimate reason and confirm that all co-authors agree. Withdrawal must not be used to evade peer-review criticism, conceal misconduct, or facilitate simultaneous submission elsewhere.

7. Responsibilities of the Editorial Team

The editor-in-chief and editorial team are responsible for assessing requests and concerns impartially, protecting confidentiality where appropriate, and ensuring that decisions are supported by evidence.

Editorial decisions will take into account the seriousness of the issue, its impact on the article's reliability, the responses of the relevant parties, and the need to preserve the scholarly record. Editors with a conflict of interest in a case must not lead the assessment or make the final decision.

8. Transparency and Publication Records

J-EBI is committed to ensuring that corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions are communicated clearly. Notices should identify the affected article, describe the reason for the action, and provide an appropriate link to the original publication.

The journal will maintain relevant editorial records and update publication information as necessary to ensure that readers are aware of significant changes to the status or reliability of published work.

9. Contact and Related Policies

Requests for corrections or withdrawals, and reports of suspected errors or misconduct, should be submitted to the J-EBI editorial office through the journal's official website.